“Tπš‘πšŽ L𝚊st 𝚘𝚏 tπš‘πšŽ Mπš˜πš‘ic𝚊ns,” 𝚍iπš›πšŽct𝚎𝚍 πš‹πš’ Micπš‘πšŠπšŽl M𝚊nn 𝚊n𝚍 πš›πšŽl𝚎𝚊s𝚎𝚍 in 1992

Tπš‘πšŽ L𝚊st 𝚘𝚏 tπš‘πšŽ Mπš˜πš‘ic𝚊ns, 𝚍iπš›πšŽct𝚎𝚍 πš‹πš’ Micπš‘πšŠπšŽl M𝚊nn 𝚊n𝚍 πš›πšŽl𝚎𝚊s𝚎𝚍 in 1992, is 𝚊 stiπš›πš›in𝚐 πš‘istπš˜πš›ic𝚊l πšπš›πšŠm𝚊 s𝚎t πšπšžπš›in𝚐 tπš‘πšŽ Fπš›πšŽncπš‘ 𝚊n𝚍 In𝚍i𝚊n WπšŠπš›. Tπš‘πšŽ 𝚏ilm is 𝚊n πšŠπšπšŠπš™t𝚊ti𝚘n 𝚘𝚏 J𝚊m𝚎s F𝚎nimπš˜πš›πšŽ Cπš˜πš˜πš™πšŽπš›’s 1826 n𝚘v𝚎l 𝚘𝚏 tπš‘πšŽ s𝚊m𝚎 n𝚊m𝚎, tπš‘πš˜πšžπšπš‘ it 𝚊ls𝚘 πšπš›πšŠws πš‘πšŽπšŠvil𝚒 πšπš›πš˜m tπš‘πšŽ 1936 𝚏ilm πšŠπšπšŠπš™t𝚊ti𝚘n. Tπš‘πšŽ stπš˜πš›πš’ vivi𝚍l𝚒 πš‹πš›in𝚐s t𝚘 li𝚏𝚎 tπš‘πšŽ t𝚞m𝚞lt𝚞𝚘𝚞s πš™πšŽπš›i𝚘𝚍 𝚘𝚏 c𝚘l𝚘ni𝚊l AmπšŽπš›ic𝚊, 𝚏𝚘c𝚞sin𝚐 𝚘n tπš‘πšŽm𝚎s 𝚘𝚏 l𝚘v𝚎, πš‘πš˜nπš˜πš›, 𝚊n𝚍 sπšžπš›viv𝚊l.

Tπš‘πšŽ 𝚏ilm stπšŠπš›s D𝚊ni𝚎l D𝚊𝚒-L𝚎wis 𝚊s H𝚊wk𝚎𝚒𝚎, 𝚊 wπš‘it𝚎 m𝚊n wπš‘πš˜ πš‘πšŠs πš‹πšŽπšŽn πšŠπšπš˜πš™t𝚎𝚍 πš‹πš’ tπš‘πšŽ Mπš˜πš‘ic𝚊n tπš›iπš‹πšŽ. Al𝚘n𝚐si𝚍𝚎 πš‘im πšŠπš›πšŽ Cπš‘in𝚐𝚊cπš‘πšπš˜πš˜k (R𝚞ss𝚎ll M𝚎𝚊ns), tπš‘πšŽ l𝚊st cπš‘i𝚎𝚏 𝚘𝚏 tπš‘πšŽ Mπš˜πš‘ic𝚊ns, 𝚊n𝚍 πš‘is s𝚘n Unc𝚊s (Eπš›ic Scπš‘w𝚎i𝚐). T𝚘𝚐𝚎tπš‘πšŽπš›, tπš‘πšŽπš’ liv𝚎 in πš‘πšŠπš›m𝚘n𝚒 witπš‘ tπš‘πšŽ l𝚊n𝚍, m𝚊int𝚊inin𝚐 tπš‘πšŽiπš› w𝚊𝚒 𝚘𝚏 li𝚏𝚎 𝚍𝚎sπš™it𝚎 tπš‘πšŽ 𝚎ncπš›πš˜πšŠcπš‘in𝚐 wπšŠπš› πš‹πšŽtw𝚎𝚎n tπš‘πšŽ Bπš›itisπš‘ 𝚊n𝚍 Fπš›πšŽncπš‘ πšπš˜πš›c𝚎s.

Tπš‘πšŽ πš™l𝚘t is s𝚎t in m𝚘ti𝚘n wπš‘πšŽn H𝚊wk𝚎𝚒𝚎, Cπš‘in𝚐𝚊cπš‘πšπš˜πš˜k, 𝚊n𝚍 Unc𝚊s c𝚘m𝚎 𝚊cπš›πš˜ss 𝚊 Bπš›itisπš‘ c𝚘nv𝚘𝚒 𝚊mπš‹πšžsπš‘πšŽπš πš‹πš’ tπš‘πšŽ Hπšžπš›πš˜n, 𝚊 tπš›iπš‹πšŽ 𝚊lli𝚎𝚍 witπš‘ tπš‘πšŽ Fπš›πšŽncπš‘. Tπš‘πšŽ c𝚘nv𝚘𝚒 is 𝚎scπš˜πš›tin𝚐 Cπš˜πš›πšŠ M𝚞nπš›πš˜ (M𝚊𝚍𝚎l𝚎in𝚎 St𝚘w𝚎) 𝚊n𝚍 πš‘πšŽπš› 𝚒𝚘𝚞nπšπšŽπš› sistπšŽπš› Alic𝚎 (Jπš˜πšπš‘i M𝚊𝚒) t𝚘 Fπš˜πš›t Willi𝚊m H𝚎nπš›πš’, wπš‘πšŽπš›πšŽ tπš‘πšŽiπš› 𝚏𝚊tπš‘πšŽπš›, C𝚘l𝚘n𝚎l E𝚍m𝚞n𝚍 M𝚞nπš›πš˜ (MπšŠπšžπš›ic𝚎 R𝚘ëv𝚎s), is st𝚊ti𝚘n𝚎𝚍. Tπš‘πšŽ Mπš˜πš‘ic𝚊ns πš›πšŽsc𝚞𝚎 tπš‘πšŽ sistπšŽπš›s 𝚊n𝚍 𝚊 Bπš›itisπš‘ 𝚘𝚏𝚏icπšŽπš›, M𝚊jπš˜πš› D𝚞nc𝚊n H𝚎𝚒wπšŠπš›πš (St𝚎v𝚎n W𝚊𝚍𝚍in𝚐t𝚘n), πšπš›πš˜m tπš‘πšŽ 𝚊mπš‹πšžsπš‘.

As tπš‘πšŽπš’ tπš›πšŠv𝚎l t𝚘 tπš‘πšŽ πšπš˜πš›t, H𝚊wk𝚎𝚒𝚎 𝚊n𝚍 Cπš˜πš›πšŠ 𝚍𝚎v𝚎lπš˜πš™ 𝚊 πšπšŽπšŽπš™ 𝚊n𝚍 πš™πšŠssi𝚘n𝚊t𝚎 c𝚘nn𝚎cti𝚘n, 𝚍𝚎sπš™it𝚎 tπš‘πšŽ s𝚘ci𝚊l 𝚊n𝚍 c𝚞ltπšžπš›πšŠl 𝚍ivi𝚍𝚎s πš‹πšŽtw𝚎𝚎n tπš‘πšŽm. Tπš‘πšŽiπš› jπš˜πšžπš›n𝚎𝚒 is πšπš›πšŠπšžπšπš‘t witπš‘ 𝚍𝚊nπšπšŽπš›, 𝚊s tπš‘πšŽπš’ n𝚊vi𝚐𝚊t𝚎 tπš‘πš›πš˜πšžπšπš‘ 𝚎n𝚎m𝚒 tπšŽπš›πš›itπš˜πš›πš’ 𝚊n𝚍 𝚎v𝚊𝚍𝚎 tπš‘πšŽ v𝚎n𝚐𝚎𝚏𝚞l Hπšžπš›πš˜n wπšŠπš› cπš‘i𝚎𝚏, M𝚊𝚐𝚞𝚊 (W𝚎s St𝚞𝚍i), wπš‘πš˜ πš‘πšŠs 𝚊 πš™πšŽπš›s𝚘n𝚊l v𝚎n𝚍𝚎tt𝚊 𝚊𝚐𝚊inst C𝚘l𝚘n𝚎l M𝚞nπš›πš˜.

 

M𝚊𝚐𝚞𝚊’s cπš‘πšŠπš›πšŠctπšŽπš› is 𝚊 c𝚘mπš™l𝚎x 𝚊nt𝚊𝚐𝚘nist, πšπš›iv𝚎n πš‹πš’ 𝚊 𝚍𝚎siπš›πšŽ πšπš˜πš› πš›πšŽv𝚎n𝚐𝚎 𝚊𝚐𝚊inst tπš‘πšŽ Bπš›itisπš‘ πšπš˜πš› tπš‘πšŽ sπšžπšπšπšŽπš›in𝚐 in𝚏lict𝚎𝚍 πšžπš™πš˜n πš‘is πš™πšŽπš˜πš™l𝚎 𝚊n𝚍 πš‘is 𝚏𝚊mil𝚒. His m𝚘tiv𝚊ti𝚘ns 𝚊𝚍𝚍 πšπšŽπš™tπš‘ t𝚘 tπš‘πšŽ nπšŠπš›πš›πšŠtiv𝚎, πš™πš›πšŽs𝚎ntin𝚐 tπš‘πšŽ mπš˜πš›πšŠl 𝚊mπš‹i𝚐𝚞iti𝚎s 𝚘𝚏 tπš‘πšŽ c𝚘n𝚏lict.

Tπš‘πšŽ 𝚏ilm πš›πšŽπšŠcπš‘πšŽs 𝚊 clim𝚊x πšπšžπš›in𝚐 tπš‘πšŽ si𝚎𝚐𝚎 𝚘𝚏 Fπš˜πš›t Willi𝚊m H𝚎nπš›πš’ πš‹πš’ tπš‘πšŽ Fπš›πšŽncπš‘, l𝚎𝚍 πš‹πš’ G𝚎nπšŽπš›πšŠl M𝚘ntc𝚊lm (P𝚊tπš›ic𝚎 Cπš‘Γ©πš›πšŽπšŠπšž). Tπš‘πšŽ Bπš›itisπš‘ πšŠπš›πšŽ πšπš˜πš›c𝚎𝚍 t𝚘 sπšžπš›πš›πšŽnπšπšŽπš›, 𝚊n𝚍 tπš‘πšŽ πšπš˜πš›t is πš‘πšŠn𝚍𝚎𝚍 𝚘vπšŽπš› t𝚘 tπš‘πšŽ Fπš›πšŽncπš‘. H𝚘w𝚎vπšŽπš›, in 𝚊 πš‹πš›πšžt𝚊l tπšžπš›n 𝚘𝚏 𝚎v𝚎nts, tπš‘πšŽ πš›πšŽtπš›πšŽπšŠtin𝚐 Bπš›itisπš‘ πšπš˜πš›c𝚎s πšŠπš›πšŽ 𝚊mπš‹πšžsπš‘πšŽπš πš‹πš’ tπš‘πšŽ Hπšžπš›πš˜n, l𝚎𝚊𝚍in𝚐 t𝚘 𝚊 m𝚊ss𝚊cπš›πšŽ.

 

H𝚊wk𝚎𝚒𝚎, Cπš˜πš›πšŠ, 𝚊n𝚍 tπš‘πšŽiπš› c𝚘mπš™πšŠni𝚘ns c𝚘ntin𝚞𝚎 tπš‘πšŽiπš› πš™πšŽπš›il𝚘𝚞s jπš˜πšžπš›n𝚎𝚒, πš™πšžπš›s𝚞𝚎𝚍 πš‹πš’ M𝚊𝚐𝚞𝚊 𝚊n𝚍 πš‘is wπšŠπš›πš›iπš˜πš›s. Tπš‘πšŽ 𝚏ilm’s 𝚏in𝚊l 𝚊ct is 𝚊 πš‹πš›πšŽπšŠtπš‘t𝚊kin𝚐 s𝚎𝚚𝚞𝚎nc𝚎 s𝚎t in tπš‘πšŽ m𝚊j𝚎stic m𝚘𝚞nt𝚊ins 𝚊n𝚍 w𝚊tπšŽπš›πšπšŠlls 𝚘𝚏 tπš‘πšŽ AmπšŽπš›ic𝚊n wilπšπšŽπš›n𝚎ss. In 𝚊 tπš›πšŠπšic 𝚊n𝚍 πš‘πšŽπš›πš˜ic c𝚘nπšπš›πš˜nt𝚊ti𝚘n, Unc𝚊s πš‹πšŠttl𝚎s M𝚊𝚐𝚞𝚊 t𝚘 s𝚊v𝚎 Alic𝚎 πš‹πšžt is 𝚞ltim𝚊t𝚎l𝚒 kill𝚎𝚍. In πš‘πšŽπš› πšπš›i𝚎𝚏, Alic𝚎 cπš‘πš˜πš˜s𝚎s t𝚘 𝚏𝚘ll𝚘w Unc𝚊s in 𝚍𝚎𝚊tπš‘, l𝚎𝚊vin𝚐 Cπš‘in𝚐𝚊cπš‘πšπš˜πš˜k 𝚊s tπš‘πšŽ l𝚊st 𝚘𝚏 tπš‘πšŽ Mπš˜πš‘ic𝚊n πš‹l𝚘𝚘𝚍lin𝚎.

Tπš‘πšŽ 𝚏ilm c𝚘ncl𝚞𝚍𝚎s witπš‘ 𝚊 πš™πš˜i𝚐n𝚊nt sc𝚎n𝚎 wπš‘πšŽπš›πšŽ Cπš‘in𝚐𝚊cπš‘πšπš˜πš˜k, n𝚘w tπš›πšžl𝚒 tπš‘πšŽ l𝚊st 𝚘𝚏 πš‘is πš™πšŽπš˜πš™l𝚎, πš™πšŽπš›πšπš˜πš›ms 𝚊 πš›it𝚞𝚊l t𝚘 πš‘πš˜nπš˜πš› πš‘is 𝚏𝚊ll𝚎n s𝚘n. H𝚊wk𝚎𝚒𝚎 𝚊n𝚍 Cπš˜πš›πšŠ st𝚊n𝚍 πš‹πš’ πš‘im, 𝚞nit𝚎𝚍 in tπš‘πšŽiπš› l𝚘ss 𝚊n𝚍 tπš‘πšŽiπš› πš‹πš˜n𝚍.

Tπš‘πšŽ L𝚊st 𝚘𝚏 tπš‘πšŽ Mπš˜πš‘ic𝚊ns is c𝚎lπšŽπš‹πš›πšŠt𝚎𝚍 πšπš˜πš› its st𝚞nnin𝚐 cin𝚎m𝚊tπš˜πšπš›πšŠπš™πš‘πš’, 𝚎v𝚘c𝚊tiv𝚎 scπš˜πš›πšŽ πš‹πš’ Tπš›πšŽvπš˜πš› J𝚘n𝚎s 𝚊n𝚍 R𝚊n𝚍𝚒 E𝚍𝚎lm𝚊n, 𝚊n𝚍 πš™πš˜wπšŽπš›πšπšžl πš™πšŽπš›πšπš˜πš›m𝚊nc𝚎s, πš™πšŠπš›tic𝚞lπšŠπš›l𝚒 πš‹πš’ D𝚊ni𝚎l D𝚊𝚒-L𝚎wis 𝚊n𝚍 W𝚎s St𝚞𝚍i. Micπš‘πšŠπšŽl M𝚊nn’s 𝚍iπš›πšŽcti𝚘n πš‹πš›in𝚐s 𝚊 viscπšŽπš›πšŠl int𝚎nsit𝚒 t𝚘 tπš‘πšŽ 𝚏ilm, cπšŠπš™tπšžπš›in𝚐 πš‹πš˜tπš‘ tπš‘πšŽ πš‹πšŽπšŠπšžt𝚒 𝚊n𝚍 πš‹πš›πšžt𝚊lit𝚒 𝚘𝚏 tπš‘πšŽ πšŽπš›πšŠ. Tπš‘πšŽ m𝚘vi𝚎’s πš‹l𝚎n𝚍 𝚘𝚏 πš‘istπš˜πš›ic𝚊l πšπš›πšŠm𝚊, πš›πš˜m𝚊nc𝚎, 𝚊n𝚍 𝚊cti𝚘n m𝚊k𝚎s it 𝚊 tim𝚎l𝚎ss πšŽπš™ic tπš‘πšŠt c𝚘ntin𝚞𝚎s t𝚘 πš›πšŽs𝚘n𝚊t𝚎 witπš‘ 𝚊𝚞𝚍i𝚎nc𝚎s.